Journal-bearing for car and other axles.



PATENTBD SEPT. 17, 1901. J. E. MUHLFBLD. JOURNAL BEARING FOR GAB. ANDOTHER AXLES.

'APPLIOAT IOI TILED ABE. 27, 1907.

- WW5; ifiveniori M Mucurue/8 JOHN-E. MUHLFELD, or BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

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Speciflcationof Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 17, 1907.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN E. M'omnm', a citizenof the United States,residing in Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, have invented a new anduseful Improvement in Journal-Bearings for Car and other Axles, of whichthe following is aspecification.

My invention relates to journalbearings for car and other axles.

The object of my invention is to provide a composite journal bearingconsisting of two metallic portions of different compositions, in whicheach portion will be an integral solid mass; in which both portions willhave efficient wearing qualities as a bearing; in which one 'or bothportions may be forged, cast or flowed to face of'the main portion orshell which comes in conthe required shape or form; in whichbothportions will be securely united together and together form onesolid body; in which the shell or main portion of the hearing will be ofsuch metal and of such form,

construction or design as will give sufficient strength i to support thejournal and at the same time provide a proper and sufficient bearingsurface and metal, so shaped and located that no extreme danger canoccur to any portion of the journal proper or the collar at either endof the same that'may come in contact with such main portion or shell; inwhich the main or shell portion of the bearing will serve as anefficient bearing for the axle journal in case the auxiliary or liningportion of the bearing becomes melted out or destroyod from a hot box orother cause; in which the composite journal bearing will have one ormore continuous strips of soft metal filling or auxiliary portion fromextreme end to end of the bearing, so that carbonizcd oil, grit, waste,and. other foreign material which may tend to come between the axlejournal and the bearing at the initial or tangential points of contact,will tend to bed in the softer metal and not come in contact with thelongitudinal ribs of the harder and stronger metal of the main portionof the shell; in which the soft metal filling or auxiliary por:

tion of the hearing will be contained or incased by :the longitudinaland end bearing ribs of the main portion of the bearing directly belowand ,within the sides and ends of the upper flat rectangular contacttact with the journal bearing key or wedge, so that this portion of thesoft metal filling can only be removed by melting when the journalbearing is in position on the journal; in which the wear atone or bothends of the bearing due to contact with the collars of the axle journal,or what is commonly called endplay, can be taken up and the bearingrestored to its original proper dimensions and put again in'suitablecondition by' refilling without the necessity for remaking the main orshell portion of the. bearing; in which the main or shell portion of thechangeable form.

' rectangular upper face d which comes in the journal bearing key orwedge G, and it is provided Application filed April 27,1907. Serial No.370,560.

bearing may be cast or produced from a single solid pattern without theuseof a separate core or the necessity for machining in order to providesuch main or shell portionwith the cavities for receiving the soft metallining or auxiliary portion of the hearing; in which, when the journalbearing is newly applied, the axle journalwill only come in contact withthe soft metal lining or auxiliary portion of the bearing, and afterwear takes place the journal will come in contact with both portions orcompositions of metal; in which the journalbearing will beinterchangeable with the Master .ar Builders standard journal bearings,journals, journal bearing keys'and journal boxes; which will be moreefficient and durable in operation than the journal bearings heretoforein use; and which at, the same time may be more cheaply manufactured.

My invention consists in the means I employ to practically accomplishthe above mentioned object or result in a single unitary structure orjournal hearing, as herein shown and described; and more particularlyspecified in the claims.

In the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification, Figure1 is a centralwertical longitudinal section of a journal bearingembodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a vertical section on line 2-2 of Fig.1; Fig. 3

is a detail bottom view of the main or shell portion of the journalbearing; Fig. 4 is a vertical longitudinal section; Fig. 5 is a detailcross section on line 5-5 of Fig. 4, and Fig. 6 is a detail partiallongitudinal section similar to Fig. 4.

In the drawing A represents the journal box, B the journal. and B thecar or other axle, b and b the inner and outer collars or shoulders atthe ends of the journal, and G' the journal bearing key or wedge, allthese parts being of the standard Master Oar Builders type orconstruction.

D F is my improved construction of journal bearing, it also being of thestandard Master Car Builders inter- My improved composite journalbearing comprises a main or shell portion D, preferably of brass, orother.

hard, strong and efficient bearingscomposition' of metals in one solidintegral mass, and a soft metal bearing or auxiliary portion F ofBabbitt or other suitable bearingcomposition of metals, the same alsobeing in one solid integral mass, the two portions D F of the bearingbeing securely united together, preferably by a brazing or solderingunion between the two metallic compositions,

' taking place when the softer lining is flowed into or upon I the mainshell or brass portion D of the bearing.

The main portion or shell D has the customaryflat contact with on itsinner or hearing face with integral longitudinal bearing ribs 11 havingcurved bearing faces d and integral end bearing ribs d having curvedbearing faces d and an intermediate transverse connecting bearing rib d,the longitudinal bearing ribs d having connecting channels Dthrough thesame, staggered or breaking joints in respect to each other, so as notto materially transversely weaken the shell or main portion of thebearing, and which channels' connect the central longitudinal cavities Dwith the longitudinal side cavities D into which the soft metal liningor auxiliary portion F of the bearing is flowed, cast or otherwiseapplied so as to securely unite the two portions D of the bearingtogether. The main or shell'portion D'of the journal bearing also haslongitudinal marginal ribs or sides d to confine the softmetal lining orauxiliary portion F, and give strength to the journal bearing as awhole. These marginal longitudinal ribs or sides (1 are not hearingmembers and are not designed to come in contact with the journal of theaxle, except that they may contact at their ends with the shoulders orcollars b b of the journal.

The soft metal lining or auxiliary portion F of the journal bearing isin-one solid integral mass, having thick portions f 1 filling thecentral cavities D of the shell D, thick portions f filling thelongitudinalside cavities D and the sub-cavities or depressions Dtherein, and thick portions f 1 filling the staggered connectingchannels I) which connect the central cavities D with the longitudinalside cavities D and thinner portions f 3 covering the curved bearingfaces of the longitudinal and end bearing ribs d d and intermediatebearing ribs d of the main or shell portion D of the journal bearing.This thinner portion f of the soft metal lining or auxiliary portion Fof the journal hearing may be extended over the curved end face 11 ofthe main or shell portion D when the latter becomes so-shortened bywearing contact with the collar of the axle journal as to render thisnecessary in refilling the main or shell portion D with the lining metalF, in or der to restore the refilled journal bearing as a whole to itsnormal or standard length and shape. To enable,

the main or shell portion D of the journal bearing to be cast in onepiece without cores or machining to form cavities therein to receive thelining metal F, the side walls of all these cavities are preferably madewith a slight flare (P, so that the mold may be readily formed from asingle pattern. And, after the main shell D has become worn or shortenedwhen it is placed back in a mold formed by the same pattern to berefilled with the lining metal F, when thus again refilled the journalbearing as a whole will be of the standard shape in length and size. i

The main or shell portion of the journal'bearing is furnished at itslongitudinal marginal ribs or sides d with rounded tapering, inwardlyextending strengthening projections d which project into thelongitudinal side cavities D bearing ribs a" d and d of the main orshell portion D of the journal bearing are all in one solid integralpiece or mass with said shell D, and are of sufiicient size and area ofbearing face as to operate as a safe and efficient bearing for thejournal, independent of the'auxiliary portion or lining F in case thesofter bearing member The longitudinal end and central train delayed andrendered unable to travel to the next station. And these bearing ribs ofthe main or shell portion D being constructed and disposed as hereinshown and described, also give the brass or shell portion D thenecessary strength, stiffness and rigidity.

My improvedicomposite journal hearing it will be noted is composed ofbut two parts or portions D and F, which are firmly and securely lockedand united together, so that they in effect form one integral solidmass, and as both portions D and F are composed of an efficient hearingor wearing metal or metallic com pound, and as one of these portions Dhas the requisite mass and bearing face area in itself alone to act asan efficient journal bearing, in case the softer or auxiliary or liningportion F should flow out or become melted, and as both portions D and Fcontact with the journal when the thinner portion f of the lining Fbecomes worn away, it will be understood by those skilled in the art andfamiliar with the practical use of car axle journal bearings, that myimproved composite journal bearing'is peculiarly fitted and adapted tomeet all the conditions and requirements of a successful and practicalcar axle journal bearing, and possesses in a very high degree thenecessary characteristics of strength, rigidity, freedom from liability.to distortion under pressure of the load thereon, safety, durability,adaptability to be readily refilled with a new lining or auxiliaryportion F'arid restored to original shape and efficiency, while at thesame time its original cost of manufacture is materially less than thatof other journal bearings heretofore in use, and having a main or shellportion composed of brass or other bearing metal or composition ofmetals.

The curved bearing faces d of the longitudinal end and transversebearing ribs d d d of the main or shell portion D of thejournal bearing,are preferably turned to true shape before the soft metal lining orauxiliary portion E is applied, so that when said liningor auxiliaryportion F becomes worn the journal will have smooth bearing faces onsaid bearing ribs to contact with.

Fig. 6 illustrates my improved composite journal I bearing as renewed orrefilled with the soft metal lining or auxiliary portion F after themain or shell portion D has become worn and shortened by use, so thatwhen refilling the same with the lining F the latter will extend overthe end face at of the main or shell portion D.

- As in my improved journal bearing the main or brassshell isimperforate and simply provided with cavities which do not extendthrough it for the soft metal lining on its under face, the softmetallining will not be forced or squeezed upward through the main shellunder pressure of the load on the journal or when the soft metallining'is softened by heat, which heats and melts the soft metalfilling, the molten filling in the central cavities I) D may flow out bygravity through the connecting channels D so 'that the molten fillingdoes not itself cause the journal to out and burn off by being confinedin contact there bearings where the main shell is provided with slots oropenings through it for the soft metal filling. And

7 as my improved journal. bearihg is composed of but two members, both'of which are of efficient wearing or hearing metal, it'contains no ironor steel or other part to come in contact with the journal and destroyit. And as in my journal bearing,'th e main or brass shell in itselfalone serves not only to afford the strength to withstand the load, butalso as an efficient'bearing or wearing member for the journal even ifthe soft metal filling should heat and flow out, it is exceed; inglyreliable in operation and is little liable to accident, brcakage orfailure.

I claim: I e I 1. A composite journal bearing, comprising in combinationan imperforate main or shell portion of strong, hard, hearing metal inone integral mass, having a rectangular flat uppercontact face to engagethe journal bearing key or wedge, and provided with integrallongitudinal and end bearing ribs andn central transverse connectingbearing rib on the under face, all lying below and within the sides andends of said upper rectangular key contact face, and further providedwith longitudinal marginal ribs or sides, and'havingalso,centrallongitudinal cavities transversely separated .from each other by saidcentral transverse bearing rib, and longitudinal side cavities andconnecting channels between said longitudinal side cavities and saidcentral cavities, and a soft metal lining or auxiliary portion in oneintegral mass filling said central and ion-- gitudinal cavities andconnecting channels and extending over the curved bearing faces of said.longitudinal end and central transverse bearing ribs of said main orshell portion of the journal bearing and securely united thereto;substantially as specified.

2. A composite journal bearing, comprising in combination an imperforatemain or shell portion of strong, hard hearing metal in one integral masshaving a rectangular fiat upper contact face to engage the journalbearing key or wedge, and provided with integral longitudinal and endcavities and said central cavities, and a soft metal lining or auxiliaryportion 1 in one integral mass filling said central and longitudinalcavities and connecting channels and extending over the curved bearingfaces of said longitudinal and end ribs of said mainor shell portion ofthe journal bearing and securely united thereto, substantially asspecified. l

The composite journal bearing, comprising an imperforate hearing-metalshell in one integral mass having an upper flat key-contact face,longitudinal and end hearing ribs under and between the sides and endsof said flat key contact face, provided with central and longitudinalside cavities. and a soft or auxiliary metal portion filling saidcavities and extending over the bearing faces of said bearing ribs,substantially as specified 4. The composite journal bearing, comprisingan impcrforate bearing metal shell in one integral' mass having an upperilai' .key contact facelnhgltudinal and end beak' ing ribs under-andbetween and longitudinal side cavities the sides and ends of said flatkey contact face, provided with side cavities having staggeredconnecting channels through said longitudinal bearing ribs and a soft orauxiliary metal portion filling said cavities and extend ing over thebearing faces of said bearing ribs, substantially as specified.

5. A composite journal bearing, comprising in combination an ilnperforate main or shell portion D of hard, strong hearing-metal in oneintegral mass, having an upper flat key contact face (I, longitudinaland end bearing ribs (1 41 under and within said fiat upper key contactface I], marginal longitudinal ribs or sides (1, central andlongitudinal side cavities D l), and soft metal lining or auxiliaryportion F filling said cavities at its thicker portions and extendingover said bearing ribs at its thinner portions. substantially asspecified.

'(i. A composite journal bearing, comprising in combination animperforate main or shell portion ll of hard, strong bearing-metal inone integral mass, having an upper fiat key contact face 11,longitudinal and end bearing ribs 11 41 under and within said fiatnpperkey contact face ll, marginal longitudinal ribs or sides (1, central andlongitudinal side cavities l)' I), and soft metal lining or auxiliaryportion l filling said cavities at its. thicker portions andextendingovcr said hearing ribs at its thinner portions, said mainportion or shell I- having also a censaid longitudinal tral transversebearing rib (1 connecting bearing ribs 11, substantially as specified.

'7. A composite journal bearing comprising in combination an imperforatemain shell portion of hard, strong hearing metal having an upper flatkey contact face, longitudinal and 0nd bearing ribs, a centraltransverse hearing rib and marginal longitudinal ribs or sides andprovided with central and longitudinal side cavities and connectingchannels between said central and said longitudi nal side Cavities, saidcavities having slightly flaring marginal walls and a soft metal liningfilling said cavi ties, substantially as specified.

8. A composite journal'bearing, comprising in combination an imperioratemain or shell portion D of hard, strong bearing metal in one integralmass, having an upper flat key contact face (1, longitudinal and endbearing ribs (1 d under and within said flat upper keycontact face d,mar ginal longitudinal ribs or sides (1, central and longitudinal sidecavities D D, and soft metal lining or auxiliary por tion I filling saidcavities tending over said bearing ribs at its thinner portions, saidmain or shell portion D having connecting channels between said centraland longitudinal side cavities, substantially as specified.

9. A composite journal bearing, tion an imperforate main or shellpoution comprising in combina- D of hard, strong central andlongitudinal at its thicker portions and on bearing metal in oneintegral mass, having an upper flat key contact face d, longitudinal andend boa ring ribs (1 d under and within said fiat upper key contact face(1, marginal longitudinal ribs or sides (i central and longitudinal sidecavities D D, and soft metal lining or auxiliary portion F filling saidcavities at its thicker portions and ex tending over said bearing ribsat its thinner portions, said main or shell portion I) having connectingchannels be-' tween said central longitudinal side cavities extendingthrough said longitudinal bearing ribs and staggered in respect to eachother, substantially as specified.

10. A composite journal bearing, comprising in combination animperforate main or shell portion D of strong hard bearing-metal in oneintegral mass, and having a flat key contact upper face, and provided onits under side with longitudinal marginal ribs or sides d, longitudinaland end bearing ribs d (F, and central transverse bearing rib d, andfurnished with central longitudinal cavities D'- D and connectingchannels D and a soft bearing metal lining or auxiliary portion 1*filling'said cavities and connecting channels in one integral mass atits thicker portions, and covering said hearing ribs at its thinnerportions, substantially as specified. 11. A composite journal bearing,comprising in combination an lmperforate main or shell portion D ofstrong hard bearing-metal inone integral mass, and having a flat keycontact upper face, and provided on its under side with longitudinalmarginal ribs or.sides d longitudinal and end bearing ribs (1 (Z andcentral transverse bearing rib (l and furnished with centrallongitudinal cavities D and longitudinal side cavities D and connectingchannels D and a soft bearing metal lining or auxiliary portion Ffilling said cavities and connecting channels in one integral mass atits thicker portions, and covering said bearingribs at its thinnerportions, said connecting channels being staggered in respect to eachother, substantially as specified.

12. A composite journal bearing,comprising in combinai'ion animperforate main or shell portion 1) of strong hard lmaring-metal in oneintegral mass, and having a flat key contact upper face, and provided onits under side with longitudinal marginal ribs or sides ll plongitudinaland end hearing ribs d LP, and central transverse. bearing rib 11, andfurnished with central longitudinal cavities D and longitudinal sidecavities D and connecting channels ii, and a soft bearing metal liningor auxiliary portion F filling said cavities and connecting channels inone in l(.,l:ll mass at its thicker portions, and covering said hearingribs at its thinner portions, said connecting channels being staggeredin respect to each other, and said longitudinal marginal ribs or sidesd5 having projections d extending into said longltudinal side cavitiesI), substantially as specified.

13. A composite journal bearlngcomprising in combinai'ion an imperforatemain' shell portion of hard, strong hearing metal having an upper fiatkey contact face, longitudinal and end bearing ribs, a centraltransverse bearing rib and marginal longitudinal ribs or sides andprovided with central and longitudinal side cavities and connectingchannels between said central. and said longitudinal side cavities, saidcavities having slightly flaring marginal walls and a soft metal liningfilling'sald cavities at its thicker portions and extending over saidbearing ribs'at its thinner portions, substantially as specified.

1'4. ,A composite journal bearing comprising an imperforatc. bearingmetal shell having an upper key contact face, and provided withlongitudinal and end bearing ribs on its under face and furnished withcentral and longitudinal side cavities and connecting. channels betweensaid central and said longitudinal side cavities and a soft metal lininglillim, said cavities and connecting channel substantially as specified.15. A colnposiie journal bearing comprising an imperforate bearing metalshell having an upper key contact face, and provided with longitudinaland end bearing ribs on its under face and furnished with central andlongitudinal side caviiics and connecting channels between said centraland said longitudinal side cavities and a soft metal lining filling saidcavitiesand connecting channels, and 'e'x tending over the bearing facesof said bearing ribs, substantially as specified.

16. A composite journal bearing comprising an imperforatc bearing metalshell having an upper'key contact face, and provided with longitudinaland end bearing ribs on its under face and furnished with central andlongitudinal side cavities and connecting channels between said centraland said longitudinal side cavities and a soft metal lining filling saidcavities and connecting channels-and extending over the bearing faces ofsaid bearing ribs, said main shell having also a central transversebearing rib, substantially-as specified. I

JOHN E. ,MUHLFEiiD.

Witnesses:

J. A. POWERS, "1. i i. HARVEY.

